{"id":258369,"date":"2022-06-27T06:57:47","date_gmt":"2022-06-27T04:57:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bsmc.cultura.gov.it\/contexte-historique\/"},"modified":"2024-12-03T15:35:11","modified_gmt":"2024-12-03T14:35:11","slug":"contexte-historique","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/bsmc.cultura.gov.it\/fr\/contexte-historique\/","title":{"rendered":"CONTEXTE HISTORIQUE"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Contexte historique<\/h1>\n

Les origines de la Biblioth\u00e8que d’histoire moderne et contemporaine remontent \u00e0 juin 1880.<\/span><\/p>\n

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L’histoire<\/h2>\n

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Les origines de la Biblioth\u00e8que d’histoire moderne et contemporaine remontent \u00e0 juin 1880, lorsque la Chambre des d\u00e9put\u00e9s a approuv\u00e9 la proposition de Pasquale Villari de cr\u00e9er une collection de livres, de brochures et de documents relatifs au Risorgimento italien. C’est ainsi qu’est n\u00e9e la Section Risorgimento de la Biblioth\u00e8que nationale Vittorio Emanuele II de Rome, dont le directeur, Domenico Gnoli, a entrepris d’acqu\u00e9rir le noyau originel des collections \u00e0 travers un r\u00e9seau dense de relations avec des librairies anciennes et avec les protagonistes des \u00e9v\u00e9nements du Risorgimento eux-m\u00eames, ou leurs descendants.
En 1906, \u00e0 l’initiative du ministre de l’\u00c9ducation Paolo Boselli, le Comit\u00e9 national pour l’histoire du Risorgimento est cr\u00e9\u00e9 par le d\u00e9cret royal n\u00b0 212 du 17 mai 1906, avec pour mission de constituer une biblioth\u00e8que et un mus\u00e9e du Risorgimento, qui seront install\u00e9s dans le monument d\u00e9di\u00e9 au roi Victor-Emmanuel II sur le Capitole. Le Comit\u00e9 s’est vu confier la section Risorgimento qui, selon l’A.R. n\u00b0 730 du 22 novembre 1906, resterait entre les mains du directeur de la Biblioth\u00e8que nationale dans les locaux de l’ancien Coll\u00e8ge des J\u00e9suites romains en attendant l’ach\u00e8vement de la construction du monument. Le Comit\u00e9, entr\u00e9 en fonction en 1909, poursuivit au cours des ann\u00e9es suivantes une vaste politique d’acquisition de mat\u00e9riel du Risorgimento qui permit d’\u00e9largir et d’enrichir les collections.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"Avec l’\u00e9clatement de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, le Comit\u00e9 a entrepris de trouver toutes sortes de preuves bibliographiques et documentaires sur la guerre, consid\u00e9r\u00e9e \u00e0 l’\u00e9poque comme le couronnement du Risorgimento national. En 1917, par le d\u00e9cret royal n\u00b0 336 du 15 f\u00e9vrier 1917, la section Risorgimento prend le nom de Biblioth\u00e8que centrale du Risorgimento, assumant ainsi la physionomie d’une biblioth\u00e8que autonome avec son propre conservateur.
La s\u00e9paration d\u00e9finitive d’avec la Biblioth\u00e8que nationale a \u00e9t\u00e9 sanctionn\u00e9e en 1921 par le transfert des collections au Palazzetto Venezia, en attendant que les locaux du Vittoriano soient pr\u00eats. Le d\u00e9cret royal n\u00b0 9320 du 27 septembre 1923 modifie \u00e0 nouveau le nom en Biblioteca Museo Archivio del Risorgimento et le d\u00e9cret royal n\u00b0 1821 du 23 octobre 1924 \u00e9tablit la nomination d’un conservateur-conservateur appartenant au r\u00f4le des biblioth\u00e9caires et d\u00e9pendant directement du minist\u00e8re de l’\u00c9ducation. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Dans les ann\u00e9es 1930, plusieurs mesures ont profond\u00e9ment modifi\u00e9 le caract\u00e8re de la Biblioth\u00e8que. Le d\u00e9cret royal n\u00b0 1226 du 20 juillet 1934, relatif \u00e0 la r\u00e9organisation des instituts historiques, supprime le Comit\u00e9 national pour l’histoire du Risorgimento et confie la collection du mus\u00e9e \u00e0 la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 nationale pour l’histoire du Risorgimento, tandis que la Biblioth\u00e8que est plac\u00e9e sous la tutelle d’un organisme nouvellement cr\u00e9\u00e9, l’Institut historique italien pour l’\u00e9poque moderne et contemporaine. Dans les ann\u00e9es 1937-1938, la collection Risorgimento a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9membr\u00e9e : le mat\u00e9riel bibliographique est rest\u00e9 \u00e0 la Biblioth\u00e8que, tandis que le mat\u00e9riel mus\u00e9al et une partie du mat\u00e9riel documentaire ont \u00e9t\u00e9 remis \u00e0 l’Institut, dont le si\u00e8ge se trouve au Vittoriano. Par le d\u00e9cret royal n\u00b0 2181 du 22 novembre 1937, la biblioth\u00e8que prend son nom actuel de Biblioth\u00e8que d’histoire moderne et contemporaine et en 1939, dernier acte de cette affaire complexe, elle d\u00e9m\u00e9nage au Palazzo Mattei di Giove, o\u00f9 elle se trouve encore aujourd’hui. <\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"D’un point de vue institutionnel, avec le d\u00e9cret l\u00e9gislatif n\u00b0 356 du 12 avril 1945, la Biblioth\u00e8que a \u00e9t\u00e9 plac\u00e9e sous l’autorit\u00e9 directe du minist\u00e8re de l’Instruction publique, puis, \u00e0 partir de 1975, du minist\u00e8re des Biens culturels et environnementaux, devenu en 2021 le minist\u00e8re de la Culture, \u00e0 travers de nombreuses \u00e9tapes institutionnelles. En ce qui concerne les objectifs de la Biblioth\u00e8que, jusqu’aux ann\u00e9es 1950, elle reste principalement li\u00e9e aux \u00e9tudes sur le Risorgimento, tandis qu’\u00e0 partir des ann\u00e9es 1960, elle \u00e9largit son champ d’int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0 l’histoire italienne et europ\u00e9enne des XIXe et XXe si\u00e8cles. <\/span><\/p>\n

Les orientations actuelles tendent \u00e0 fournir des outils de base pour l’\u00e9tude de l’histoire de l’Italie et d’autres pays aux XVIe et XXe si\u00e8cles, en mettant l’accent sur les XIXe et XXe si\u00e8cles. Une attention particuli\u00e8re est accord\u00e9e \u00e0 l’int\u00e9gration de la documentation originale, notamment les collections de p\u00e9riodiques des XIXe et XXe si\u00e8cles. <\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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Contexte historique Les origines de la Biblioth\u00e8que d’histoire moderne et contemporaine remontent \u00e0 juin 1880.L’histoireLes origines de la Biblioth\u00e8que d’histoire moderne et contemporaine remontent \u00e0 juin 1880, lorsque la Chambre […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-258369","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nCONTEXTE HISTORIQUE - Biblioteca di Storia Moderna e Contemporanea<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bsmc.cultura.gov.it\/fr\/contexte-historique\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"CONTEXTE HISTORIQUE - 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